Autobiography of a Classroom Essay Example for Free

Autobiography of a Classroom EssayI am a very big classroom in a well-known public school. I cater to needs of the kindergarten class of the school, accommodating I think of about eighty five children, a big number isnt it? I understand that I am the top hat looking room in the school as, the very sm entirely told children study here. I am very attractively decorated so that the precise ones like to come here any(prenominal) day. The room that is me is decorated with beautiful coloured pictures. The walls argon a blend of some influence I do non know the names of.The furniture that is placed in the length and breadth of the room consists of small round tables to seat four children on each table, and the chairs atomic number 18 also tiny. That is not all, all the furniture is a mixture of many colours. When the children come inside the class they almost fight to sit on certain chairs. That makes me understand that they like the colours and fight for their favourite col ours to sit on. At the top two ends of the length of the classroom there are two bigger tables and full coat chairs for the teachers to sit.Since there are so many children there are two teachers while in other classes there is only one each. I am a treat for everyone to see. My pleasure knows no bounds when everyone who comes inside the class, admires me, appreciates my get up and the colours that don me. I have the twin advantage of be the most beautiful room in the school and also having the cutest of children coming to spend their eon with me. Thus, my life is full of beauty, colour, noise and laughter and at times of course also crying and howling of the children.At times some new entrants to the school come to me with their mothers and, cry as if they had come to the slaughter dramatics to be butchered. At such moments even by heart cries for the little ones and I wonder why man makes these little children come to study if they do not want to. I of course do not know how important studies are for human children, I only feel sad comprehend the children cry. My life is full of a very busy schedule though very interesting.The routine of my daily life is so busy that, I do not get any relief for quite long hours. In the morning as early as 6 a. m.two sweepers come open the put to sleep of my room or rather me, and off they start working on me. They sweep my floor, squab it, dust each and every piece of the furniture in me. Thus, I get alerted as soon the room is unlocked. It is not even 8 a. m. when the little brats start pouring inside my bodys doors. At times they enter with so much noise that my whole body feels the rattle of it all. Their movements are so loud that now, I cannot even think of any rest. School bags get flung, tiffin boxes are strewn all about, water bottles are kept just anywhere and there is a lot of commotion all over.Soon the maid enters the room and keeps everything in order and my appearance at once improves and I look tidy an d well kept. For these small ones the school hours are just three from, 8 a. m. to 11 a. m. These three hours is my duty time, and just is the time when I also get the days entertainment. Being a classroom for the Kindergarten children I get a great chance of hearing conversations between the teachers and the parents. Since this is the first time their children have entered school, parents devote a lot of time to talking about the school and its standards.At times I find that some parents are just too critical and, inspite of getting all the best in this school they always seem to be unhappy and dissatisfied with something or the other in the school. Such parents keep lecturing about things wanting(p) in the classroom, the school or even in the playground. When I hear such complaints, my heart sinks and I wonder if they will allow or not allow their children to come to me any more,. For such conversations I have understood that, these days parents pamper the children too much, and it seems that they can never yes, never be satisfied.I am quite surprised to see the vast difference in opinions. While on the one hand I, and also many parents think that I am very beautiful, well kept, and decorated, others of the same clan are always complaining of many defects in my appearance. This gives me a feeling of depression and I do wonder if I can do anything in the matter. After some thinking bouts, I realize that, I can do nothing to accomplish these unhappy parents. I am just here in the hands of the school authorities and stand here as and how they keep me. My working hours are just six, from 6 a. m. when sweepers enter to say 12 noon when I am locked after all children go.After my duty hours I just free but also feel lonely. No matter what is said about me, I am thoroughly enjoying my life in the cute company of little children. Their company makes me also feel young though now I am quite old. Every summer vacation I am motley afresh, my furniture is painted, an d, I am ready to welcome my little friends, new and old with a new look, new enthusiasm and renewed vigour. I beg that my life is forever allowed to remain so interesting and so relaxed. I just love all the children and teachers who come here to me, to work and play in the restricted area within my four walls.

Language of poetry Essay Example for Free

Language of poetry EssayWhen smell at the language used by a poet when creating a poem it is important we do this with a number of things in mind. What kind of see to it is the poet attempting to create in our thoughts? When was this poem created? How is it structu rubor and punctuated? What context has it been written? and also how does the poet want us to feel when class period the work? No matter how long or short a poem may be the language used when creating it testament be bouncy as to deciding how we respond to the poem. It is not just what the poet is trying to say but how they are attempting to say it that will define how this poem resonates in spite of appearance us.thither are many reasons why an author susceptibility choose to use some phrases instead of others. A poet might choose words for the way of life they sound, compliment other words, shock value, for the tense they are in or even for the perspective they want to use. For the figure of this essay we will be looking at triad American poets with the intent of studying the language used in their works in order to better understand the meanings of these poems and to also purpose out why they were written in a certain way.Look more archetypical poem for you analysis essayWhen looking at the language used in each of these poems we will be looking out for many of the things menti cardinald above to aid the investigation into the language within them. The first poet that we will look at is William Carlos Williams and in particular his poem This is Just to Say. Just like all the poems he has written it is a short region which is created using simple words and sentences that can be easily understood by the reader. The poem is full of enjambement and this means that we put particular stress on the words breakfast, delicious, so sweet and so cold.If we didnt observe the enjambment in this poem it would more than likely be mistaken for a short note for someones sister, mother, wife or father. The way that enjambment is used in this poem has a grave effect, it is a poem written in the past tense, and one that relies heavily on the creation of an image in the mind of the reader. This poem successfully creates that image nearly to the point where we can nearly see the drops of moisture on the plums as they glisten in the sunlight prior to being devoured by the writer. How the poet uses enjambment enables this strong creation of an image.He uses the words delicious, sweet and cold to great effect and their placing within the poem adds hugely to how they aid this. They are all sort together in the last section of the poem and this means we are quickly bombarded with a triple whammy of descriptive words in what is a very short poem. It is also important to note how Williams says the plums are so sweet and so cold rather than just sweet and cold. This little word has a huge effect and it compounds in our minds just how sweet and cold they really were and as such, on e might even feel a passion to have the plums themselves if reading the poem on an empty stomach.The poem is structured in one long flowing sentence that is broken up into three sections of three lines, this structure makes it easy to digest and understand. The poem Woman Poem by Nikki Giovanni is or so a black cleaning woman and what her life is like. The woman wants things in life the men will not let her have what she wants. The author, Nikki Giovanni uses several poetic aspects in the poem. Throughout the poem she uses synecdoches to make her point, for example me getting fat as a hog being used to describe gaining weight. The imagery created by this poem helps to describe the way that men hold her back.It is a completely different poem to the one investigated above but again it relies heavily on imagery along with words with a real spirit of shock value to get a message across to the reader. The language of this poem is language of oppression, frustration, anger, devastati on and hopelessness and the images it creates are such too. It describes the life of a black woman in the 1960s and when doing so she describes a yearning to be free. Free from the constraints of what she describes as a male dominated society, one where she almost feels as if she has been castrated.She does not mean this literally but the use of the word castrated is symbolic to the genuine feeling of being powerless she feels almost as a dog being castrated would. She is using words as a means of venting and conveying her feelings and it is obvious to see the feeling attached to what she writes. The third stanza reads its a sex object if youre pretty and no love or love and no sex if youre fat get back fat black woman be a mother grandmother strong thing but not woman gameswoman romantic woman love needer man seeker dick eater sweat getter fuck needing love seeking womanThis stanza is the one within the poem which is the most image provoking. The language used is vulgar and not ev eryday conversation etiquette. She most likely uses language of this sort on purpose in order to grab the attention of the reader and highlight her plight as a woman who can be regarded by men as merely an object for sex. She repeats this process throughout the poem to great effect using words like whore and black dog. As a whole this poem is difficult to read and find meaning from but when carefully studied it created in the mind an image of hopelessness for women.One of an beingness devoid of happiness, an image compounded by the final lines which read face me whose whole life is tied up to unhappiness cause its the further for real thing i know The third poem to be investigated is Poppies in July by Sylvia Plaith. This poem was written in July 1962. At this stage of her life, Plaths marriage to Ted Hughes was in turmoil, and she was suffering from a severe bout of depression. http//sylviaplathnotes. wordpress. com/poppies-in-july/. With this poem she enables us to have an insi ght into the turmoil and pain she felt inside.The twine red is prominent and this symbolises anger and rage. The images created in the mind are very dark, vivid and disturbing, imitating what her thoughts were when she created the poem. At the start of this poem we are informed that bright red colour of poppies reminds the poet of the burning fires of hell. The poppies swaying in the breeze remind the poet of flames flickering. She begins to show a desire to self harm, thrusting her hand among the flames to see if it burns but there is something about these flowers that she cannot touch.This is the readers first real insight into the pain Plath must have been feeling. Throughout the poem we are reminded of her desire to cause harm to herself. afterwards in the poem she describes outward appearance of the flowers again, this time with a simile. Now she likens them to the wrinkled, red skin of a bloodied mouth rather than the flames of hell. This violent imagery is other hint towar ds her desire to self-harm. Continuing the idea that there is something about these flowers she cannot touch, she now states that she is unable to touch their fumes and enquires about their opiates.This represents a longing for heroin or opium which is a drug created from poppies. Complex imagery is used, referring to her mouth as a means of taking the drug. Exclamation marks indicate just how desperate the poet is getting. She ask these drugs and she needs them now Throughout this poem there is a recurring theme of desperation from the poet, desperation for obliteration through drugs or self harm, it relies on graphic imagery to get the point across and gives us an idea of the darkness encased within the mind of the poet.She closes the poem with the words colourless, colourless which might represent how she feels her life and marriage have become. Through investigation of the above poems we are able to come to numerous conclusions regarding the language used within them. The first poem is nothing more than a short piece but it still manages to create not only a powerful image in the mind but also a longing for the peaches described within The last two poems investigated however are far more deep and colorless affairs. They offer us a real window into the souls of their creators.The language used in each of these is powerful and it is impossible to read them without being left with a real sense of the turmoil felt by both these women. They both utilise the shock value element of language to make their poems that bit more hard hitting and employ similar punctuation techniques also. Through doing this investigation into language of poetry we can now understand how the language used by the poet is vital when it comes to determining the feelings we are left with having read a poem.

Objectives Of Different Stakeholders Economics Essay

Objectives Of Different Stakeholders Economics EssayThere are a lot of showcases of organizations in UK today, but more or less commons are sole trader, private limited alliance, authorities, partnership, public and Public Limited Company.The simplest structure is the sole trader. It is easy to start. You just register your melodic phrase name and open to start trading. Such types of organizations are funded by hardly one person. All processes are managed by you and all profit is belongs to the sole trader (after paying tax) because it is funded by him/her. As result the owner has to accept a risk and be able to lose property. The profit depends on natural action. Examples are small shops, professional lawyers, returns headachees, farms, doctors, etc.The next way is a partnership. This fashion that society is funded by two or much people (but maximum is 20). Partner is an individual who has competent responsibilities and share profit and management. Each member has t o pay tax. sometimes doctors, accountants, lawyers unite and organize partnership company.Private Limited Company is a non-government organization. Its shares are non listed in stocks and it is owned by small numbers of members. It is able to sale shares to customers but non the general public. As a result they tend to be small as to raise monetary resource they need directors to act as guarantors for loans. The company is managed by two or more directors. Usually such type of company is used by families. The most famous and success private limited company in UK is Virgin.Public limited Company is a type of company used in UK and the company succeeds limited liability to its management and owners. In contrast to the private limited company, public one is able to handle shares on public exchanges and stocks. There are several criteria to be PLC. The inaugural one is the minimum share capital and the number of directors. It has non to be less(prenominal) than 50000 pound and l ess 2 directors. Also every company should take PLC symbol in the end of the name. regime organizations are owned by coun rise usually they take more permission in inside and sometimes in international markets too. To be a government company give tongue to should surrender more than 51 % shares of company and company managed by state. Usually many railway and transport company are government companies.Franchising is a more difficult realize of incorporation. Usually in this type of organization involved two different companies. One gives permission to use their brand, early(a) rents this brand. So the first company has a profit from selling brand. Examples are McDonalds and Subway.1.2 Describe the extent to which an organization meets theObjectives of different stakeholders.Individuals, groups, government and all other members who are fireed in an organization are called stakeholders. The power and interest of different stakeholders are different. Interest stakeholder is deter mined by his desire to mould the organization.Therefore, the scheme of stakeholderThe Influence of the stakeholder = Power X Interest.Stakeholders dived into groups CUsersDownloadsQQ.jpgInternalExternal reference(http//chw1986.blogspot.co.uk/2010/07/sample-essay-of-bao3309-advanced.html)Internal stakeholders have a direct and immediate impact on the company.External affect the vexation indirectly.An interest and an influence of different stakeholders.ShareholdersShareholders people who have invested money in the firm, obviously they are waiting for financial return. They are interested in the growth of profits of the company and its annual dividend. If shares were purchased with speculative purposes, then shareholders may be interested in the growth of their termss to the further resale of shares to cash in on the difference in the cost of buying and selling.Top managers and directors.Managers as any employees who are interested in their salaries, bonuses and prizes. It is impor tant for them and such a affair as a non-financial involvement. Occupying a towering position, the Manager takes on weight in society and in their own eyes. In addition, any Manager care about his responsibility area.CustomersCustomer is the most important stakeholder. It is because they create ingest in the market. Their interest is to get the right crops at reasonable equipment casualtys and in good quality. The consumer is interested to get the product as quickly as possible. Guarantees of security and health item also are important for them.SuppliersThose firms that supply raw materials or semi-finished products for companies, as well as provide some services, interested in what the firm ordered from them regularly, punctually paid in accordance with the terms of the contract. Also any provider interested in closer contact with the company, for example, entering into an exclusive contract.Financial corporationsStructures that provide the company loans, they are interested i n timely refunds and interest. They ordure keep track of the company with a view to determining whether it is effective it is using funds received and whether their pay.GovernmentAuthorities are interested in tax revenue resulting in the formation of the city budget. It also expects the firms employment, as well as the legality of its actions.Corpo ar betray social responsibility policies are a duty to do trump out for good of society. First of all it aimed to customers by offering safe and level-headed products at reasonable set. For example Barclays which always provided financial service has CSR constitution which includes providing healthy transport such as bicycles to London even it not profitable. The company helps community by this way and increase number of its customers.1.3Explain the responsibilities of an organization andStrategies active to meet them.The main response of the company is to provide good serve or product to it is clients. Consumers want to know if the y buy safety and qualitative goods or serve. Companies surely should guarantee what they release or serve. marting also have a appear here because many organizations usually promise too much on ads but in reality goods are not as they were described. All this points are written in legislation and organizations must follow them.If we twaddle about workforce, the company must provide them safety and good condition where they work. The Health and safety at Work (HSW) is the law which provides and protects these points.According to Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (cited rospa.com, 2012 ) All employers have a duty to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare of their employees. They also have a duty to protect non-employees from risks arising out of their work activities.This means employer is liable to provide safe and healthy work purlieu.In the recruitment process organizations have to provide equal opportunities for all applicants. These poin ts are written in The Equality Act 210 (cited homeoffice.gov.uk, 2012). According to this Act organizations do not have write classify jobseekers by their age, sex, disability, religion or belief, sexual orientation and so on.Companies must provide honest financial report every year or every quarter to their shareholders. It is a statement in which financial performance and other operations are written. For example Enrons (USA company) top managers over stated their profits in the financial report which lead to scandal among stakeholder. As a result company became bankrupt.Another aspect is environment. Organizations are responsible to provide safety goods not only for consumers but it have to be no dangerous for environment too. Today at that place are a lot of talks about ball-shaped change and pollutions. The companys goal is to reduce them within the law. For examples they must buy environment friendly equipments. Such companies like Gazprom care about it. The company tries to minimize the effect from their activity by using new technologies moreover they invest money in environmental programs. According official website Gazprom in 2010 58% of their investment took a place in water protection, 26% land protection.2.1 Explain how economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively.The economic system is a complex of socio-economic and institutional relations betwixt producers and consumers of goods and services in country. Since the appearance of human in that respect were a variety of economic systems. However most important areFree market thinkMixedTraditionalEvery system has own benefits and problems, but the common one in any economic system is scarcity problem. This question do us to answer how to produce, how to gather all people, how to consume. All types of economy system solve this problem differently.In planned economy system government tries to satisfy all demand in inside economy. Every companies, organizations, factories are bel onged to government. Mostly all planned economies are closed for foreign. Benefit of planned economy is stability. Government can easily supply all demand. Disadvantages of this economy is that planners ignore the environmental impact and they do not care about scarcity they just produce to cover demand how much is not important.However in free market goods and serve are produced for personal reasons to take profit from them and companies are owned by people. In free market the main rule is demand and supply. The most difference surrounded by planned and free market economy that price of goods or serve in planned economy put by government nevertheless in free market by demand and supply. The scarcity problem in free market is also common but there raw materials are used smartly. When resources are in shortage the price is increasing and the demand gradually goes down in this way resources are used effectively.2.2 Assess the impact of fiscal and monetary constitution on business o rganizations and their activitiesThe impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business is significant. The aim of these policies is the same(p) but the ways of r each(prenominal) are different. The main purposes are static economic growth, the stability of the price level(inflation),the balance of payments, low unemployment.Fiscal policy is a stabilisation policy of the federal government aimed to control the economic cycles. Thats means that government tries to stabilize economy by changing incomes and outcomes of the state budget. The main tools of this policy are net of taxes and government purchases of goods and services. If in the country the deferral, the government can either increase purchases or reduce taxes. If the rise or overheating of the economy, that, on the contrary, reduce purchases or increase taxes. CUsersDownloadsGovernment-Policy.jpgSource(http//elleseconomy.com/2010/06/09/fiscal-and-monetary-policy-define/Monetary policy is stabilization mechanism aimed to con trol supply of money in the state by key banks. The central banks of the countries try do it by changing interest grade or Reserve requirements, by open market operations. Also they have other instruments but most common three ones.Changing interest rate has enormous impact to the supply market. When there is a crisis or recession the rates goes down. It happens cause low rates is stimulating people to spent money more as results the demand is increasing and economy recovers. For example now the average rates in the World are the lowest cause it recession period. Another method of controlling supply of money is buying or selling government bonds in an open market. When there is a rise Central bank sells bonds to commercial Banks by that they reduce the amount of money in the market and when there is a recession Central Bank buy bonds from bonds holders(cause not only banks can buy them) as result the amount of money increase and rates are going down.2.3 Evaluate the impact of comp etition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of a selected organisation.Competition policy is a policy aimed to control competition amid companies. They control if there are not monopoly in the market, if the merger of companies does not damage market structure and if there are enough supplies. Also the policy tries to promote competition in topical anesthetic market.The policy always controls if there are enough energy companies in the market and are they able to cover all demand. It is really important policy without it prices can grow sharply especially gas, electricity.For example According to Russian political newspaper Kommersant(cited kommersant.ru) The European Commission (EC) has launched a formal investigation into the actions of Gazprom, which, tally to officials, may impede competition in the gas market in Central and Eastern Europe. Gazprom supplies about 30% of the gas imported by the EU. The spread of the investigation does not prejudge the out come of the proceedings, but only means that the Commission will consider this case as a priority to be confirmed in a statement by the EC. In particular, they suspect that Gazprom could violate Art. 102 of the Treaty on the functioning of the EU.This document regulates the monopolies that restrict competition in the private sector. In Art. 102 contract states that should be prohibited any abuse by which involved one or more dominant position in the domestic market or in part because this may affect trade between Member States.OJSC Gazprom is Russian public gas and the gas distribution company, the largest company in Russia (according to the magazine Expert), the worlds largest gas company, owns the largest gas transportation system (more than 160 000 km).3.1 Explain how market structures determine the pricing and output decisions of businesses.Market structure is a set of factors, which determine the nature of the interaction between companies. Mainly market structure is a genera l factor of pricing. Further I will describe it.Market structure can be determined by number of factorsNumber of firms in the industry and their sizeType of products produced by the company (a sister or differentiated)Opportunity for new companies to enter to the market.Number of customers.The ability of firms to influence demand through advertising.And so on.However, the main ones are 3 factorsNumber of firms in the industry and their sizeType of products produced by the company (a sister or differentiated)Opportunity to enter the industry and exit of other firms.Considering these factors there are four main types of market structurePerfect competitionMonopolyMonopolistic competitionOligopoly.This table shows difference between themCUsersDownloadsScreenshot_1.jpgSource(http//financialplanningacademy.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/types-of-market-structures.html)Monopoly is an extreme form of imperfect competition, in which the only seller complete control over the production of goods in th e market. It is inevitable in a market economy each competitor in the market wants to become a monopolist. The price of goods is highest in monopoly. Monopolist can put any price for a good because cryptograph except it produces the goods.Oligopoly is the market structure consisting of a small number of large firms, some of which control a large share of the market. In this situation, market door of new firms is possible, but difficult. It is too expensive. Non-price competition is nature (technical excellence, quality and reliability of products, etc.)In Monopolistic competition there a lot of firms and they produce the same products but the brand are different. For example in Holborn there are too many cafes which provide good coffee. Each caf has own place in the market. Large number of buyer and seller the same goods but different branding and fierce competition.Perfect competition is a competition that takes place in a market where a very large number of interacting firms pr oducing standardized, homogeneous goods. In these conditions, any firm can enter the market, there is no price control. The price regulated by demand and supply .In the market of perfect competition single buyer or seller has little impact on the level of the current market price. Seller can not set higher price for product or service than the market one as buyers are able to buy it for any amount of goods they need from competitors.3.2 Illustrate the way in which market forces shape organizational responses using a range of examples.Market forces conditions affecting supply and demand in the free market by determining prices, the behavior of buyers and sellers, lenders and borrowers, encouraging improvement in production, increasing power and quality of work. offer is a total of goods or serves which are provided in the market. For example if you have 5 phones, then your supply of phones is 5.Demand is a quantity of buyers which would like to buy goods in the market. For examples if there are 6 people who want to buy the number of demand will be 6.Demand and Supply have an enormous affect in free market. It is general rule of this market. The interaction between them makes prices on goods. If there more supply then demand the prices are cheaper, but if the demand more the prices increase. For example the price of oil directly connected with this rule. Several months ago when Libya stopped providing oil to the market the price of oil increased gradually. It happened because Libya is one the biggest exporter of oil so there was little shortage in the market. CUsersDownloadsSimple_supply_and_demand.pngCaption Simple supply and demandSource (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileSimple_supply_and_demand.png)Competition in the market also influenced on price. The more competitors, the less price. The less price means increasing demand as a result increase a profit. It is important for competitors to create something new distinction. For example orchard apple tree dif ferentiated its products in order to become market leader. Differentiated its product by using touch screen technology several years ago in that time competitors did not think about implementing this technology. People bought Apple product even it more expensive 2 or 3 times, even now they are still buying because of unique product.3.3 Judge how the business and cultural environments shape the behavior of a selected organization.Today successful companies in one local market cant be success in other market or they might be but it is difficult. Business and cultural environments have great impact on organization. Business environment includes social, political, legal, economical conditions. Anything not related to political and economic system can be considered as social cultural environment.Culture is an important factor in making business. Sometimes different things mean differently in different countries or cultural environments. When you organize business you should note in which market your goods are targeted domestic or international. It is too difficult for companies to enter to other market.In any society, people have certain fundamental values. For example, most Europeans believe that the most important thing in their lives it is to be honest, hardworking, have a good family and did not spare the money to charity, care about environment. Companies must adapt to such circumstances and take a leak profit from it. For example Gazprom which is a leader of providing gas energy in EU invests money in environment because the company knows how it is important value of environment in culture life for Europeans. CUsersDesktop.pngSOURCE (http//www.gazprom.com/nature/environmental-protection/)Gazprom as a Russian biggest company is always under political public press especially from EU and Ukraine.According to Shemetov (2012) Russian energy giant Gazprom accused the European Union of levying political pressure against the company in a legal tender to force dow n fuel prices. This statement came after the EU launched a probe into the companys alleged(a) violation of antitrust laws.The investigation of The European Union is illustrating that Gazprom alleged of unfair competition and price-fixing in Europe energy markets. The EU claimed Gazprom has created hindrance in the flow of gas across EUs member-states. Gazprom was also suspected in sumptuous unfair costs on it customers by Brussels4.1 Discuss the significance of international trade to UK business organizations.International Trade is an exchange of goods and services between countries. International trade allows UK citizens to expand the markets for goods and services that would not be available to them without it. Thanks to it, we can buy foreign goods, to choose not only between domestic competitors, but also between foreign. As a result, there is a large international trade in a competitive environment, and vendors try to offer consumers better prices.World Trade Organization (WTO ) was created to regulate and liberalize international trade between participating countries in 1995. WTO is responsible for the development and death penalty of new trade agreements, and to ensure the observance of members of the organization all the agreements signed by most countries and ratified by their parliaments. According to official website(wto.org) now there are 157 members on24August2012.International trade in services and goods not only leads to improved performance, but also allows countries to participate in the global economy, the possibility of encouraging foreign direct investment, which are funds invested in foreign companies and other assets in the package.Mostly UK organizations provide services earlier than raw materials. London is the important place in International Trade. Major foreign exchange operations are conducted here. Moreover biggest banks (HSBS, Barclays, RBS.) insurance companies, hedge funds are situated in UK. Many biggest companies are opened even they do not provide services here. It is because of not strict regulation and government fulfillments of their responsibilities. A lot of big financial and non-companies are quoted in British Stock Exchanges.According to statistic which provided WORLD Bank (cited worldbank.org), 32 % of UK GDP accounted for export in 2011.The picture below shows what and where exported UK in 2009/2010 Source(http//www.economywatch.com/world_economy/united-kingdom/export-import.html)CUsersDownloadsUK exports graphic.jpeg4.2 Analyze the impact of global factors on UK business organizationsUK economy as well as other economies is vulnerable to global changes. Global factors relate to external business environment. As stated above UK is one the biggest exporter and importer in the world and any changes in the world affected to UK business directly. We can divide Global Factors into several Groups. Social, political, economic, legal and technological factors.FactorCould includePoliticale.g. EU enlar gement, the euro, international trade, taxation policyEconomice.g. interest rates, exchange rates, national income, inflation, unemployment, Stock MarketSociale.g. ageing population, attitudes to work, income distributionTechnologicale.g. innovation, new product development, rate of technological obsolescenceEnvironmentale.g. global warming, environmental issuesLegale.g. competition law, health and safety, employment lawSource (http//www.oup.com/uk/orc/bin/9780199296378/01student/additional/page_12.htm)Political factor

Semiotic Analysis Of Visual Text Dasdhunga Film Studies Essay

Semiotic Analysis Of Visual Text Dasdhunga Film Studies EssayThe Dasdhunga photograph is chosen as a media text for this semioticalal analysis. Dasdhunga is directed and written by Manoj Pandit, the screenplay based on the true story of Dasdhunga Accident. The disaster took place 17 years ago and the delineation was unveild in beforehand(predicate) September 2010 in Nepal.The Jeep on which Nepals political party UML General Secretary Madan Bhandari and other central committee member Jivaraj Aasrit were travelling from Pokhara to Chitwan accompanied by Amar Lama (the driver), fell down in the Narayani River on 3rd Jestha 2050 BS. Both leaders died on that accident whereas the driver Amar Lama survived without any scratch on his body (Rijal.P, 2010). The name of the movie is titled on the name of the place where the accident happened.The story starts from the point of accident and the character follows all corresponds investigating the whodunit of accident, unfolding lots of aspe ct, the conflict designed over this struggle for unfolding the root of mystery. The story also provides the investigation of murder of Amar Lama who was shooted on an contribute space of Kritipur with 3 bullets on his head, where he died on the spot. The storys focal points be the ups and downs of the characters personal life as well as professional life and atomic number 18 structured balancing the fact and fiction. (ibid)The movie rolls around the main character Kiran Kumar who investigates the Dasdhunga accident and reveals lots of information about the accident which concludes, that was not simply an accident but a conspired accident.Actually the director wanted to process a documentary about the place Dasdhunga. The film has been in the news before its release because threats came frequently to stop the process. Censor board had also censored it seven meters. They also omitted some dialogues and scenes in without losing the essence of the film. (The Kathmandu post, 2010 Au g 31)(Zeeman, 1997 24) A sign is something which stands to mortal for something in some respect or capacity. This movie has the sympathy, suspection and expectation. For them Dasdhunga is just not a movie but the high expectation of truth. Which everybody is suspecting it was a big confederacy but not just an accident.(Saussure, 1996). As he said the sign is a combination of concept with sullen motion picture which cant be separated. abbreviate here is the psychology of citizen about the accident. Till dates the accident was a big conspiracy. This cannot be separeted in the movie dasdhunga as well. The place Dasdhunga itself is the main location in this film which makes film to a greater extent real and understandable to the viewers. (N Virginia, 2011) says it drives audience into the cinema which is participation observation.The main cast of the movie is Anup Baral, Mohan Bhandari, Daya Hang Rai, Saugat Malla and Sanchita Luitel. The central character of Madan Bhandari is play by Madan Bhandaris brother himself, Mohan Bhandari. And Ram Krishna Poudel is presented as Jeeb Raj Ashrit .Anup Baral, the acclaimed theatre actor plays the troubled detective, inspector Kiran Kumar. Subtle and impressive Baral looks very natural in his role and his natural endowment is noticeable throughout the movie. Dayahang Rai looks convincing as driver Amar Lama and did a good job. The acting of all the actors in the movie is commendable and is highly acknowledged.(The Himalayan Times, 2010).It has proved that Sometimes the performance of marital and parental roles shows a number of changes in their personal and professional life. The effect of occupational characteristics on the males role has shown in the movie as in Nepalese context. The mans participation in the family initially appears to depend upon his holding some sort of job. (J Aldous, 1969). As in the movie miscarriage of the investigators wife makes twist the story. Then he leaves the case, to live secure life, this is psycho-social fact that a human wants no harm in their life. Eight years later, a person hands over some important proof regarding Dasdhunga case to Kiran and he reopens the case. Then lift the curtain from the whole mystery.The shots are not conflict or rough cut. Director tends to take the story at a distance allowing the characters to establish their traits to the audience instead of pushing a barrage of angles at the audience. The position of the camera is intricately placed in all scenes. The movie is a perfect example of docu-fiction which is not tried before in Nepali cinema. The movie Dasdhunga was opticized in various place of Nepal, like Chitwan Dasdhunga, Kritipur, and Kathmandu. This film has a series of stunning special thriller and real scene. For example of real funeral visual footage of Madan Bhandari. This kind of real footage and, photographs from sound recording visual banks and archive consider as bearing witness to the event. (M David J Adam, 2006). The cinematography goes hand in hand with location, props, shoots to make the audience feel like they are inside the scene and enjoying the scene. The dramatic increase in tempo with tight close ups, medium close ups, and locations image are clearly shown, so that any one cant easily predict the upcoming suspense of the movie.(Kress Gunther Leeuwen the o van, 2002344) Color is discussed as a semiotic resource , a mode, which, like other modes, is multifunctional in its uses in the culturally located making of signs and a In the chosen film Dasdhunga mostly grey-headed scale colour is used, which emphasizes dangerous, suspense and full of thrill. Regardless Dim lights pale gleams and various techniques of eye catching scene gives viewers a full of suspense, fear, thrill, inflammation adventure and emotions. The real throng of the real time were also used in the film as eye witness, it makes cinema trustworthy.The loud music and sound effects has been used in the movie from the be ginning. This sticks you in the chair with your eye open. Because some time it is scary. For example feet sounds, cries, loud music and real scene of the movie makes audience awake and think of the real accident.Costumes and make ups. All forms of realism are made possible through these artistic creatives, which are appropriate for the time and characters intended. The cast also claimed that the wardrobe and dialogue fit in very well. If we take an example of Kiran Kumar the starring character always wears a hat, here is the hat as a symbol of investigation and interrogation.There are elements of surprise and unexpected twist in the development of the plot with the relation with its scenes, stories and every signs it has. As in syntagmatic approach according to H.Miriam, 1994, the proper relationship among viewer, projector, screen, story are the part of a cultural practice that has to be learned. The same way the driver of the jeep accident who was convicted as one of the planner of conspiracy, later killed by unknown in an open place. This gives full of surprise and suspense to audience. (Gorkhapatra Daily, 2010).As Signs are used in the movie as signifiers and signified, in the selected scene of trailer (while presentation), a variety of signs stand been employed to construct the preferred meaning. These signs include audio signs (dialogue, music and sound effects), facial expression, gestures colour lightning editing length of shots and slow and fast moving camera and angles signifiers are chosen to make movie more realistic.As the term intertextuality is the deal of controversy according to (Berger A Arthur, 1993) in the movie Dasdhunga, the character of the driver is can be seen in a identical way. Every time he changes his statement at the time of interrogation.The language chosen in this movie is very simple to understand. This helps audience to understand the movie in a right way. For example the driver says when I reached Dasdhunga, it was rainin g and all of a sudden I couldnt control my steering, then(prenominal) investigator countered then how just you are alive without any scratch in your body? this kind of dialogue makes you to think before something reveals in the movie. This makes you to involve in the cinema. It gives delineation of reality. (C Metz, 1974).ConclusionAs in Dasdhunga this kind of genre of mystery and investigation has not been used in the Nepali cinema before. So this movie has capable a door for the making of detective movie in Nepal. This breaks the monotony of the non-sense love filcks that Nepali movie is accustomed to. The movie is informative and it drags audience into it because it dealt with the facts that people didnt know about. This makes audience to hope. But the audience may be disappointed because the movie does not reveal the truth of the Dasdhunga. (The Himalayan times daily, 2010). But as long as rating this movie goes, it deserves an ace for sure. Anup Baral- the investigator is an absolute pleasure to watch. He was even awarded with the best actor for this movie. Saugat Malla is equally fabulous and fit in the shoes of the character and steals the show with his incredible timing and natural acting. Although Sanchita Luitel only plays a side role, she has done justice to her part. As for the other actors, they have done an equally remarkable job.

Should All Children be Included in Mainstream Schools?

Should All Children be Included in Mainstream Schools?The following composition shall discuss the informational viands available for students with lowering and analyzable demand. Such respective(prenominal)s have ascetical cognitive and neurological dysfunctions, which at times ar likewise accompanied by sensory impairments. Their expert level rearnot be thoroughly assessed. They form a vulnerable group of persons who ar in take up of everlasting assistance, even to perform the most basic needs of feeding and personal hygiene (Arthur-Kelly et. al., 2008).So what should be taught to the members of this group? Is it meaningful to follow the national curriculum? Or should it be modified? What teaching approaches should be used in order to maximise their teaching and awareness? Can these approaches be used in ordinary classes? And if so, entrust it impact negatively on the other non- disable students? Should they be included in mainstream in calm rases? These are more or less of the pungent and yet delicate arguments which shall be tackled in the following paragraphs.Section AA1. What is comprehensive cultivation?Article 26, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, states that teaching is a fundamental right of all(prenominal) human being (United Nations, 1948). The right to education is embraced by all since it opens the gates for employment opportunities enhances the quality of life gives empowerment to the individual and promotes equity in ordination (Peters, 2007).All youngsterren should have access to an appropriate education that affords them the opportunity to reach their personal potential(DfES 2001b2)Inclusive education refers to the education of peculiar(a) education needs (SEN) students together with their non-disabled peers in mainstream education schools. It values the right of all students to receive quality education with affect opportunities whereby they can participate in meaningful learning and hence develop their full potential (Peters, 200799). Such schools shift their focus from the concept of disability and bunk to remove barriers of participation for all students (Barton Armstrong, 2001 as cited in Ypinazar Pagliano, 2004).The goal of cellular inclusion body is not to erase differences, solely to enable all students to belong within an educational community that validates and values their individuality(Stainback et. al., 1994)A unproblematic document which, identified that the instruction forward to reach education for all is through and through inclusive education, was the Salamanca Statement in 1994. It declares that every child is diverse in his or her abilities and is therefore unique. It goes on to say that primarilyEvery child has a fundamental right to education, and must be given the opportunity to achieve and maintain an directable level of learning .. Those with particular(a) educational needs must have access to regular schools which should accommodate them within a child-centred teaching capable of go throughing these needs(UNESCO, 1994, para 2 pp viii)The philosophy of the Salamanca Statement is underpinned by the social model of disability whereby learning difficulties are not considered as the problem to educational exclusion, but rather that the general education system needs to be responsive to the needs of all students (Peters, 2007).A2. Historical Overview in the UK at peace(p) are the days when children with physical and intellectual impairment were labelled as being ineducable, idiots, or defective and hence segregated away into asylums for imbeciles (Pickles, 2004).The situation started to tell apart a better vacate with the 1944 Education Act. It stated that disabled children had the right to receive an education tailored according to their needs, however, this had to be done in spare climbs segregated away from their families and the rest of the community (Pickles, 2004).The Warnock Report in 1978 coined the term superfluous education needs (SEN) a term which included all those children who had some type of intellectual and/or physical disabilities. The sketch was a key foreland in the history of inclusive education. The 1981 Education Act followed it. Both reports introduced a multi-disciplinary approach whereby representatives from the Education, Health and Social Services sectors, teamed up in order to draw an accurate profile of the child, such that whenever possible the child was included in mainstream classes. The Act also empowered the parents or guardians in deciding on the type of education provision for their children. This legislation brought rough a change in the composition of special schools. More children with spiritless to moderate needs started to attend mainstream schools, leaving their peers with profound and complex needs segregated in special schools (Pickles, 2004). some other cardinal reports followed in 1992, in order to review the objectives of the 1981 Education Act. How ever, the Green paper, goodness for All Children (DfEE, 1997) and subsequently the White Paper Program for Action (DfEE, 1998) were decisive, for these brought about the movement of the majority of SEN students into mainstream schools. The papers also addressed the financial resources of schools and hence saw to the improved standards in all schools.A3. Inclusive Education at the turn of the 21st centuryThe redundant educational Needs and Disability Act in 2001, together with The peculiar(a) educational Needs Code of Practice (DfES, 2001) were introduced, and underscore the importance that local education authorities (LEAs) should conform to the parents choice of schooling provision, except when the school. is unsuitable to the childs age, ability, aptitude or special educational needs, or the spot would be incompatible with the efficient education of the other children with whom the child would be educated, or with the efficient use of resources(DfES, 2001107)The SEN Code of p ractice coined the idea of particular Educational Needs Co-ordinators (SENCO), in order to work closely with teachers and parents to the beat out possible educational outcome for the SEN student and drawing up and Individual Educational Plan (IEP).Removing Barriers to Achievements (DfES, 2004) followed, strengthening inclusive approaches in schools and promoting early intervention programmes. It states thatAll teachers should expect to teach children with SEN and all schools should play their part in educating children from their local community, any(prenominal) their background or ability(DfES, 20045)The policy promotes further use of assessment tools where at the age of five the child is assessed in order to move on to formal schooling. The assessment is based on the Early education Goals. However these 13 goals are not classified enough to include the circulate do by those children with profound and complex needs, who may also have additional sensory impairment. Therefore it s inclusive nature is very much contested (University of Manchester, 20009).In 2006, the Report of the Teaching and Learning in 2020 Review Group stressed the importance of personalised learning as the way forward. Personalised learning doerTaking a more structured and responsive approach to each childs learning, so that all pupils are able to progress, achieve and participate.(DfES, 200641)This approach is important for the progress of all student especially those with SEN and in particular those with profound and complex needs.Section BB1. Special and Mainstream Schools Should they join forces?The perceived divergence in the midst of special and mainstream schools should be reduced such that inclusion becomes a shared concept, and eventually the policies practiced in ordinary schools are adapted as to provide for the collective interests and educational needs of all students (Zelaieta in Armstrong Moore, 200433). At the turn of the century, the government has assigned a new ro le for special schools whereby these have to beoutward looking centres of excellence working with their mainstream partners and other special schools to support the development of inclusion.(DfES, 200123)Mittler (2000, as cited in Rose Howley, 2007) believes that the role of special schools in providing educational services for those students with profound and complex needs has been and still is, of extreme importance. Yet, today, it is widely accepted that pupils are referred to special schools only when mainstream schooling does not cater for their educational needs. Improved cooperation between mainstream schools and special schools, has led to partnerships being established in order to help the transition of students from special schools to ordinary schools (Rose Coles, 2002 as cited in Rose Howley, 2007). Such collaborationism is to the advantage of those teachers in mainstream schools who are leave aloneing to learn from the expertise of those who work with students with special educational needs (McLeod, 2001 as cited in Rose Howley, 2007). As they work closely together there will be more sharing of ideas and resources, ultimately to the benefit of all the students.The DfES Report of the Special Schools Working Group states thatSpecial schools have a vast wealth of knowledge, skills and experience which, if harnessed, unlocked and usefully utilised by mainstream schools, can help ensure that inclusion is a success.(DfES 2003b 6 as cited in Cheminais, 20034)As Cheminais deposits it, one size will never fit all (20035). She believes that as long as there is diversity of needs, special schools cannot be all closed down. She looks at inclusion from a realistic point of view one which backs the notion that a small minority of students, unremarkably those with severe and complex disabilities, will always necessitate special educational provisions in particular settings.B2. To be included, or not to be?Advocates of inclusion affirm thatthe special ed ucation system is a key element in the creation and perpetuation of the social oppression of disabled people(Barnes, Mercer Shakespeare 1999104)Butterfield and Arthur (1995, as cited in Arthur-Kelly et. al., 2008) stressed the importance that students with profound and complex needs should experience meaningful communication experiences both from their peers and teachers. Such communicative fundamental interactions could only be achieved in inclusive settings, whereby non-disabled peers could connect with them. An inclusive classroom could set the grounds for meaningful communication, and it is the best social forum for experiences such as turn-taking, requesting and greeting (Arthur-Kelly et. al., 2008163).In item, in his study, Foreman et. al., (2004, as cited in Arthur-Kelly et. al., 2008) concluded that inclusive settings further increase peer interaction and engagements for students with PCLD when compared to those students attending special schools.Moreover, Ypinazar and Pag liano (2004) retain that the segregation of SEN students in special schools accentuates their disability identity and hence the stigma of labelling. However, Knight (1999) argues that stigmatisation will not vanish just by placing a student with PCLD in a regular classroom. Peers need to be taught how to accept their difference and move beyond.Inclusion is far more than just about the location of a childs school placement(DfES, 2004 as cited in Runswick-Cole, 2008174)MacKay (2002, as cited in Armstrong and Moore, 2004) believes that there might be cases where inclusion is not always appropriate especially in the case of those students with severe and complex learning difficulties. When the mainstream school does not meet the needs of the SEN pupil, it would be highly irresponsible to allow the child attend such a school such a situation leads to the build up of pressure both on the pupil and teachers alike. John MacBeath, a Professor at the University of Cambridge, recently declar ed that mainstream classes can be a form of abuse (BBC News, 2006). He affirms thatPhysically sitting in a classroom is not inclusion. Children can be excluded by sitting in a classroom that is not meeting their needs.(BBC News, 2006)And in fact Peters (2007) argues that inclusion is more than just the physical presence it means conciliatory curriculum for some students teachers who are willing and prepared to welcome an array of abilities and a welcoming school community.In 2002, Hanafin and her colleagues concluded that mainstream education does not attain the concept of inclusion. They feel that mainstream education is set up on a flawed notion of intelligence and is crippling the learning process of many students (Hanafin, Shevlin Flynn, 2002410). better-looking that the national curriculum is primarily based on linguistic and mathematical skills, those students who are not as proficient in these areas are going to consider extremely difficult to cope. Whereas, if the forma l curriculum had to give further importance to other subjects which do not require such skills, such as art, practice of medicine and drama then all learners would benefit. Moreover, learning and assessment depend on the ability to read and write those students with severe disabilities, whose abilities are undeveloped if not entirely absent, are at a disadvantage. As Camiletti (1996) puts it, SEN students constantly have to rely for learning on their weakest resources (as cited in Hanafin et. al., 2002417).Young people with severe/profound intellectual disabilities are often excluded from meaningful participation in mainstream education. As a result they rarely have an opportunity to interact with their non-disabled peers. and remain an isolated and marginalised group.(Shevlin OMoore, 2000, as cited in Gibson et. al., 200523)Norwich goes on to say that this issue of student placement and location of provisions is a huge dilemma, especially in the case of students with profound an d complex disabilities. If these children are educated in mainstream schools it is very likely that they will not have access to appropriate resources and facilities if on the other hand they receive their education at special schools it is likely that they will not have meaningful interactions and thus feel excluded by their peers (Norwich 2007a as cited in Norwich 2008).From his study (2007), Norwich concludes that inclusion can have its negative aspects as well. The study revealed that sometimes severely disabled students are made to feel unwelcome as their peers do not accept them as their friends, with the result that they feel excluded in their own class. Moreover their learning process can also be compromised by lack of teacher readying and appropriate resources, as well as poor attitudes from the teachers side.B3. Has inclusion gone too far?The extent to which inclusion can be implemented still remains debatable. Baroness Warnock (2005) criticised the government for putting children with special educational needs in one scale. There isnt a single group of children with SEN every child is an individual with his or her unique learning difficulty, and it is wrong to categorise children with SEN and those without. The term SEN covers a broad spectrum of learning difficulties and needs, which need to be addressed on an individual solid ground when planning the Individual Educational Programme. The needs of a child with cerebral palsy who is wheelchair bound differ widely from those of a child with Aspergers syndrome.Mercer (1997, as cited in Knight, 1999) argues that students with profound and complex disabilities may not benefit from inclusive classrooms, since their need of highly specialised services, such as physiotherapy or speech therapy will not be catered for in regular classes. The lack of such provisions will negatively affect the learning potential of these students. In fact there are situations where inclusion has a counter effect that of excl usion, since the needs of the child are not being met while in the regular classroom (Knight, 1999). These views are also reflected by some teachers, who when interviewed saidI dont think it inclusion is realistic because a mainstream school doesnt have facilities to meet their needs and the variety of different things they need like physio, speech and medical needs(Simmons Bayliss, 200722)Baroness Warnock, who coined the idea of inclusive education more than three decades ago, has now criticised the extent to which inclusion policy has been carried. In her report Special Educational Needs a new look, she criticises the fact that special schools are closing down with the result that students have no choice but to attend a mainstream schools, which fails to meet their needs. She goes on to say that special schools should still play an important and ongoing role in the lives of those students who need special provisions (House of Commons Education and Skills citizens committee, 2005 /6).Baroness Warnock adds that the concept of inclusion has gone too far. She rejects the idea that for effective inclusion all students need to be under the same roof at all times. She believes that students with special educational needs should be included in the common educational enterprise of learning, wherever they learn best (Warnock, 2005 as cited in Norwich 2008137).This idea is further reinforced by the Centre for the Study of Inclusive Education (CSIE) who accepts the notion that SEN students can spend part of their time external the regular classroom, as long as it is for a limited period of time and the student is engaged in meaningful learning sessions.Time spend out of the ordinary classroom for appropriate individual or group work on a part time basis is not segregation . provided it is time limited for a specified purpose.(Thomas Vaughn, 2004137 as cited in Norwich 2008137)Moreover, despite the increasing numbers of SEN students attending mainstream schools and actually doing good progress in 2004, the potency for Standard in Education (OFSTED) reported that schools in England and Wales still lack the required preparation, skills and resources in order to cater effectively for the needs of SEN students (Rix et.al., 2009). In fact statistics show that while in 1974, 1.3 per cent of the school population attended special schools in 2004 there was just a slight change in the amount, with 1.1 per cent of the school population still attending special schools (DfES 2006 as cited in Runswick-Cole, 2008). This hints that maybe mainstream schools still leave much to be desiredB3. teacher trainingThe issue of lack of teacher training has been addressed by several scholars. According to Forlin (2001, as cited in Florian, 2008) it is one of the ace barriers to inclusion. Cook and Schirmer tried to identify what is special about special education (2003 as cited in Florian, 2008204). In their study they explained that the same teaching methods used w ith SEN students are as effective when used with students who have no learning difficulties.Hence, Lewis and Norwich (2005 as cited in Florian, 2008) proposed the idea that teaching approaches should be designed in a ladder-like spectrum from high to low levels, so as to reach all, from the most gifted to the least rather than designed according to one particular type of learning disability. Moreover, Florian is confident that most of the teachers, irrespective whether they teach in mainstream or special schools, have enough knowledge and skills to teach all children all they need to do is to have the courage to put their expertise into practice (Florian, 2008).Florian (2008) looked in depth at the role of teachers as an influential factor in the success of inclusion. Teachers have to be aware that not all students are the same, and therefore it is in their responsibility to ensure that every student is participating in classroom activities. It is very worrying that OFSTED Reports i n 2004 showed that teachers are still reluctant to perform the necessary adaptations to the national curriculum to include all learners (as cited in Runswick-Cole, 2008). School observations in mainstream classes conducted by Simmons and Bayliss (2007) confirmed that various teachers struggled to meet the needs of those children with profound and complex disabilities. One teacher clearly stated thatif staff want to learn more, then its up to them personally to join a course off their own back though we dont have time to do that at the moment(Simmons Bayliss, 200721)In my opinion it all burns down to attitude teachers need to focus on the potential of children with PMLD rather than on their impairment (Peters, 2007). A study conducted by Higgins and colleagues (2009) showed how one primary school principal felt about her schoolthere is a family type environment here. weve got the buddy system up and running. I do something on values at assembly each week. the big children also lea rn to be inclusive from the school staff. thats how we are here(Higgins et. al., 2009482)This proves that if the teachers attitudes are positive then inclusion is possible. As hart et. al., (2004) put itthings can change, and change for the better on the basis of what teachers do in the present(Hart et. al., 2004 as cited in Florian, 2008203)B4. The Role of ParentsParents usually have the profound task of having to choose the type of educational provision for their child. Those parents who value socialisation tend to choose mainstream schooling (Duhaney Salend 2000, as cited in Flewitt Nindt, 2007) while those who prioritise on academic performance tend to opt for a continuum of services (Palmer et. al., 1998 as cited in Flewitt Nindt, 2007).However, a recent study by Flewitt and Nindt (2007) showed that nowadays the prevalence of parents opting to immix both inclusive and special education is increasing steadily. It seems that in the majority of the cases this combination wo rked very well for the children and the parents were happy that their child is enjoying healthy peer interaction in the inclusive classroom while at the same time benefit from adequate resources at the special school. One parent said we had no hesitation about combined placement it just evolved (Flewitt Nind, 2007434). Yet, some of the parents in the study were concerned about the possibility that this combination would ultimately cause confusedness since the child would be attending two different settings.The choice of combining two educational provisions clearly shows that parents are looking for an perfect situation, and this ideal cannot be found in either one of the provisions alone. In their study Flewitt and Nind (2007) found that a common reasoning expressed by parents wasThe child would get the best of both worlds. Copying healthy children and mixing with them socially, but also getting pyhsio, and physical support and exercise they needed to improve(Flewitt Nind, 20074 36)This point is further examined by Zelaieta, where she points out that since ordinary schools are not yet equipped to provide for the needs of all students some SEN students have to attend two different schools, unlike the rest of the population. She proposes that special schools should change their approach, and instead of operating as individual bodies, start working towards an inclusive policy since, she believes, ultimately these will fade out and mainstream schools shall transform themselves into communities for all learners (Zelaieta in Armstrong Moore, 200441).Richard a father to a severely disabled child relates his storyAt this stage, we were frightfully keen, realising he was different and so, still trying to include him in the local community but he was being sort of parked in a corridor and he was actually being quite literally excluded because he was at the local primary school. So we started looking at special.(As cited in Runswick-Cole, 2008178)It is a pity that th e reason that drives parents to opt for special schools is one of a sense of exclusion and uncertainty from regular schools. In his study, Runswick-Cole (2008) observed that some parents had to abandon their original premise of sending their children in mainstream schools, due to attitudinal barriers present in the regular educational settings. Parents looked for a welcoming environment where their children could feel fully included, and for some special schools provided such safe and warm environment.ConclusionSetting up educational provisions capable of supporting all learners, including those with disabilities is not an easy task. Educators are expected to respond to student diversity, through a range of educational approaches. New teaching approaches, such as the use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication devices, enabled the effective participation and learning of those students who antecedently were unable to access the curriculum (Rose Howley, 2007).By right every ch ild should have access to mainstream schooling. Choosing whether the child shall attend mainstream or special schools depends on the parents preferences and the childs needs. Students with mild and moderate learning disabilities are increasingly being educated in mainstream schools. Special schools with their supported environment are most often seen as the best option for those with profound and complex needs. There are parents who choose to combine both provisions in order to find the ideal educational setting for their child. James, a boy with cerebral palsy attends a combined setting. He saysIf I was born 20 years ago I might not have had the opportunity to go to a mainstream school. I wouldnt have had the friends Ive got now, so things have got a lot better, but we have got a long way to go.(House of Commons Education and Skills Committee, 200637)Inclusion develops a greater sense of diversity, and helps society in general to learn that despite such differences all individuals have equal rights (Millar Morton, 2007).. regular schools with this inclusive orientation are the most effective means of combating discriminatory attitudes, creating welcoming communities , building an inclusive society and achieving education for all.(UNESCO, 1994, para 2 pp ix)ReferencesArmstrong F., Moore M., (2004) Action Research for Inclusive Education changing places, changing practice, changing minds. RoutledgeFalmer, LondonArthur-Kelly M, Foreman P., Bennett D., Pascoe S., (2008) Interaction, Inclusion and students with profound and multiple disabilities towards an agenda for research and practice. diary of Research in Special Educational Needs. Vol. 8 issue 3161-166Barnes C., Mercer G., Shakespeare T., (1999) Exploring Disability a sociological introduction. Polity Press, CambridgeDepartment for Education and Employment (DfEE) (1997) Excellence for All Children meeting special educational needs. DfEE PublicationsDepartment for Education and Employment (DfEE) (1998) M eeting Special Educational Needs A Programme for Action. DfEE PublicationsDepartment for Education and Skills (DfES). (2001). Special Educational needs and Disability Act 2001. DfES PublicationsDepartment for Education and Skills (DfES). (2001b) Special Educational Needs Code of Practice. DfES PublicationsDepartment for Education and Skills (DfES). (2004b) Removing Barriers to Achievement The Governments strategy for Special Educational Needs. DfES Publications.Department for Education and Skills (DfES). (2006)Teaching and Learning in 2020 Review. DfES PublicationsFlewitt R., Nind M., (2007) Parents choosing to combine special and inclusive early years settings the best of both worlds? European diary of Special Needs Education, Vol. 22, Issue 4425-441Florian L., (2008) Special and inclusive education future trends. British ledger of Special Education Needs, Vol. 35, Issue 4202-208Gibson S., Blandford S., (2005) Managing Special Educational Needs a practical guide for primary a nd secondary schools. Sage Publications, LondonHanafin J., Shevlin M., Flynn M., (2002) Responding to student diversity lessons from the margin. Pedagogy, Culture and Society, Vol. 10, Issue 3409-423Higgins N., MacArthur J., Kelly B., (2009) Including disabled children at school is it really simple as a, c, d.? International Journal of Inclusive Education, Vol. 13 Issue 5471-487House of Commons Education and Skills Committee (2006) Special Educational Needs, Third Report of Session, Vol. 1, House of Commons, LondonKnight B. A., (1999) Towards inclusion of students with special educational needs in the regular classroom. Support for Learning Vol. 14 issue 13-7Millar R., Morton M., (2007) Bridging two worlds special education and curriculum policy. International Journal of Inclusive Education, Vol. 11, Issue 2163-176Norwich B., (2008) What future for special schools and inclusion? Conceptual and professional perspectives. British Journal of Special Education, Vol. 35, Issue 3136-14 3Peters S., (2007) Education for All? A historical analysis of international inclusive education policy and individuals with disability. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, Vol. 18 Issue 298-108Rose R., Howley M., (2007) The Practical Guide to Special Educational Needs in Inclusive Primary Classrooms. Sage Publications, London UKRunswick-Cole K., (2008) Between a rock and a hard place parents attitudes to the inclusion of children with special educational needs in mainstream and special schools. British Journal of Special Education. Vol. 35 Issue 3173-180Simmons B., Bayliss P., (2007) The role of special schools for children with profound and multtple learning difficulties is segregation always best? British Journal of Special Education. Vol. 34 issue 119-24United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) (1994) The Salamanca Statement and framework for action on special needs education. genus Paris AuthorUniversity of Manchester (2009) Profound and Com plex Learning Disability Education Child and Adult Issues, Sections 6 to 9. Unpublished course unit resource for PCLD programmes. Manchester University of ManchesterWarnock, M. (1978) Special Educational Needs. Report of the Committee of Enquiry into the Education of Handicapped Children and Young People. Department of Education and Science. London Her Majestys Stationery OfficeYpinazar V., Pagliano P., (2004) Seeking inclusive education disrupting boundaries of special and regular education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, Vol. 8 Issue 4423-442Zelaieta P., (2004) From confusion to collaboration can special schools contribute to developing inclusive practices in mainstream schools? In Armstrong F., Moore M., (Eds) Action Research for inclusive education changing places, changing practices, changing minds. London, Routledge Falmer.

Lead Poisoning :: essays research papers

Lead Poisoning One out of every six children under the age of six are paroxysm from health disorders due to the poisonous metal, lead. Lead is a natural occurring bluish-gray metal found in the earths crust. It has no taste or smell. Lead can comfortably be found in all parts of our environment today. Most of it comes from mining, manufacturing, and the burning of fossil fuels. In the United States lead poison has increased because of the deficiency of knowledge in our society. Lead is released into the environment by industries, the burning of fossil fuels or wastes. When lead enters the environment, it starts to become a problem. After a period of closely ten days, depending on the weather, it falls to the surface. Here lead builds up in the undercoat particles. Where it may make its way into underground water or imbibing water due to the fact the grounds acidic or if its soft enough. Either way it stays a long time on the soil or in water. Months or years down the road afte r the lead has built up it starts to become a problem for children that play orthogonal of their homes . This lead containing soil particles get on the childs hands or clothing and end up in the childs mouth. After the build up of so a good deal lead it leads to lead poison. Lead poisoning has been an issue since the early 1900s, when the use of lead started being banned from the manufacturing of paint in foreign countries such as Australia. Unfortunately, the United States did not start banning it until 1978, when it finally became illegal in our nation. Today 90% of the lead in the atmosphere comes from the burning of gasoline. This problem has been a large issue since the 1920s, when the Environmental Protection Agency started making laws on the amount of lead allowed in gasoline. There are many other ship canal that a child, especially under the age of six can be diagnosed to lead poison besides air pollution. One of the most common ship canal is when a child eats or chews on an object that has lead based paint chips in or on its surface. Parents can easily go on this from happening by reading labels or buying objects which are not painted. Another way in a child can be alter is by drinking water that comes from lead pipes.

The Malignant American in Surfacing Essay -- Atwood Surfacing Essays

The malignant American in Surfacing Before traveling through Europe last summer, friends advised me to avoid universe identified as an American. Throughout Europe, the landmark American connotes arrogance and insensitivity to local culture. In line with the foregoing stereotype, the unnamed narrators use of the term American in Margaret Atwoods Surfacing is used to attain individuals of any nationality who are unempathetic and thus destructive. The narrator, however, uses the word in the context of her guilt over her abortion and consequent stirred up impassiveness. The narrators vituperative definition of American as an individual who is unempathetic and destructive is macroscopically attributable to the narrators projection of her suffer feelings of emotional dysfunction and guilt. Consider an individual who is incapable(p) of empathy. Such a person has the probable to be enormously destructive to their surroundings. Without the ability to identify with others, it beco mes a matter of indifference whether others experience pain or joy. The narrator rapidly begins to define an American as just such a psychopath. As the narrator is fishing in a canoe, two Americans and a local guide pull up in their power boat proudly flying the Stars and Stripes fore and aft, rocking the canoe. During the conversation in which one of the Americans is couthie as a shark, the other American throws his cigar in the water and threatens to take his business elsewhere (66). Of the Americans, the narrator comments, if they dont get anything in fifteen minutes theyll blast off and scream well-nigh the lake in their souped-up boat, deafening the fish. Theyre the kind that catch more than they can eat and theyd do it with dynamite if they c... ...st people I spoke to were cognisant of how dangerous it is to blindly apply stereotypes and labels. In Margaret Atwoods Surfacing, the narrator freely applies the label American to those who are incapable of empathy and destructi ve. Her use of the label, however, is to a large extent an expression of the emotional numbness and guilt she feels as a consequence of her abortion. At the end of the novel, there is hope that the narrator may gain in reuniting her head and body by reconciling with the events and emotions haunting her past. Perhaps as the narrator heals herself, her conception of the term American will undergo its own healing process, allowing the word to shed the qualities of insensitivity and destructiveness which were in fact always the narrators own. Works Cited Atwood, Margaret. Surfacing. Toronto McClelland & Stewart Inc., 1972. The Malignant American in Surfacing Essay -- Atwood Surfacing EssaysThe Malignant American in Surfacing Before traveling through Europe last summer, friends advised me to avoid being identified as an American. Throughout Europe, the term American connotes arrogance and insensitivity to local culture. In line with the foregoing stereotype, the unnam ed narrators use of the term American in Margaret Atwoods Surfacing is used to describe individuals of any nationality who are unempathetic and thus destructive. The narrator, however, uses the word in the context of her guilt over her abortion and consequent emotional numbness. The narrators vituperative definition of American as an individual who is unempathetic and destructive is largely attributable to the narrators projection of her own feelings of emotional dysfunction and guilt. Consider an individual who is incapable of empathy. Such a person has the potential to be enormously destructive to their surroundings. Without the ability to identify with others, it becomes a matter of indifference whether others experience pain or joy. The narrator rapidly begins to define an American as just such a psychopath. As the narrator is fishing in a canoe, two Americans and a local guide pull up in their power boat proudly flying the Stars and Stripes fore and aft, rocking the canoe. Dur ing the conversation in which one of the Americans is friendly as a shark, the other American throws his cigar in the water and threatens to take his business elsewhere (66). Of the Americans, the narrator comments, if they dont get anything in fifteen minutes theyll blast off and scream around the lake in their souped-up boat, deafening the fish. Theyre the kind that catch more than they can eat and theyd do it with dynamite if they c... ...st people I spoke to were cognisant of how dangerous it is to blindly apply stereotypes and labels. In Margaret Atwoods Surfacing, the narrator freely applies the label American to those who are incapable of empathy and destructive. Her use of the label, however, is to a large extent an expression of the emotional numbness and guilt she feels as a consequence of her abortion. At the end of the novel, there is hope that the narrator may succeed in reuniting her head and body by reconciling with the events and emotions haunting her past. Perhaps as the narrator heals herself, her conception of the term American will undergo its own healing process, allowing the word to shed the qualities of insensitivity and destructiveness which were in fact always the narrators own. Works Cited Atwood, Margaret. Surfacing. Toronto McClelland & Stewart Inc., 1972.